Appendix 1: Jiangzhai individuals (sample retained at BanPo Museum, Xi'an)

ID Stage Sex Relative Age Skull Maxill Mandible
M48 I F a3
yes yes yes
M52 I F a1


yes
M53 I F a1 13-14yrs yes yes yes
M54 I
child 5yrs yes

M75.1 II M a1
frag. yes
M75.1 II F a2


yes
M75.2 I F a1
yes yes yes
M75.3 II M a2


yes
M75.4 II M? a1


yes
M75(1).1 II F a2?
yes yes* yes*
M75(1).11 II M

yes
yes
M75(2).12 II M a2
yes yes yes
M76 II M a2-3?
yes yes
M82(3):2 II M a2
yes yes yes
M84.10 II F a2
yes
yes

II F
adult

II M a3
yes yes
M96 I M a4
yes yes yes
M96 I
child 6-7yrs

yes
M104 II F a2
yes yes
M112:1 II F a3?
yes
yes*
M112:10 II F a2?
yes yes* yes*
M112:11 II M a1?
yes yes* yes*
M112:13 II M a3?
yes yes* yes*
M113:1 II M a4?
yes yes*
M140 I
child 6 yrs yes

M146 I
child 5.5 yrs yes yes
M149 I M a4
yes yes yes
M150 I M a3
yes yes yes
M151 I M a4
yes yes yes
M155 I F a1 13-15yrs yes yes
M155 I M post cranial elements only
M159 I
child 5yrs yes

M161 I F a2
yes yes yes
M166 I
child 6yrs yes yes
M162 I F a1 13-14 yrs yes yes yes
M167 I F a2
yes yes yes
M168.17 II M a3
yes yes
M177 I M a2
yes yes yes
M181 I F a1
yes yes yes
M181 I
child 6-10yrs
yes
M186 I M a2
yes yes yes
M198.30 II F a2?

yes
M202.36 II F a3
yes yes
M203.11 II M? a4?

yes
M206.24 II M? a4?

yes
M206:29 II M a1
yes yes
M206:34 II M a3
yes yes*
M212.8 II M a2
yes yes yes
M216.11 II F a2?
yes yes
M217 II ? ?
yes

M217:4 II F a3
yes yes yes
M238.1 II M a3
yes yes yes
M275 I M a1

yes yes

* Sockets only, no teeth.

The relative age (a1 to a4) is based on cluster analysis of tooth crown heights and lengths, attrition and cemento-enamel junction height above alveolus. The youngest a1 individuals have permanent dentition just erupted at ca. 13-14; a4 individuals are all recorded as "old".